鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鎺ㄨ枽锛�2018骞存垚浜洪珮鑰冮珮璧烽粸(di菐n)姝峰彶涓栫晫鍙插繀鑳岃榛�(di菐n)銆愬尟绺姐€�

2018鎴愪汉楂樿€冮珮璧烽粸(di菐n)姝峰彶涓栫晫鍙插繀鑳岃榛�(di菐n)(浜�)锛�鏇村楂樿捣榛�(di菐n)銆婂悇绉戠洰銆嬫ā鎿│椤岃珛(q菒ng)鑷虫枃绔犲簳閮ㄥ厤璨�(f猫i)涓嬭級瀛�(xu茅)缈�(x铆)銆�

钖╂媺鐔辩浜嬩欢

1914骞�6鏈�锛屽ェ鍖堝笣鍦�(gu贸)鐨囧劜(ch菙)鍒版柊琚ェ鍖堝悶骞剁殑娉㈡柉灏间簽妾㈤柋杌嶄簨婕旂繏(x铆)锛屽苟瑷晱(w猫n)娉㈡柉灏间簽棣栧簻钖╂媺鐔辩銆傞€欐杌嶄簨婕旂繏(x铆)鏄互濉炵埦缍簽鐐哄亣鎯虫暤浜虹殑锛屽洜鑰屽紩璧峰鐖剧董浜炴皯鏃忎富缇╄€呯殑鎲ゆ€�銆�6鏈�28鏃�锛屽鐖剧董浜炵瀵嗙殑姘戞棌涓荤京绲勭箶鎴愬摗鍦ㄨ柀鎷夌啽绐╄闋枊(k膩i)妲嶆墦姝讳簡鐨囧劜(ch菙)澶│锛岄€欏氨鏄鍙蹭笂钁楀悕鐨勮柀鎷夌啽绐╀簨浠�锛屽畠鎴愮偤绗竴娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)鐨勫皫(d菐o)鐏窔銆�

寰峰湅(gu贸)鍜屽ェ鍖堝笣鍦�(gu贸)涔樻(j墨)鎸戣捣鎴�(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)銆�7鏈�28鏃�锛屽ェ鍖堝悜濉炵埦缍簽瀹ｆ埌(zh脿n)锛屼互鍚庣殑涓€鍛ㄥ収(n猫i)寰�銆佷縿銆佹硶銆佽嫳鐩哥辜鎶曞叆鎴�(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)銆備氦鎴�(zh脿n)鐨勪竴鏂规槸鍚岀洘鍦�(gu贸)鐨勫痉鍦�(gu贸)鍜屽ェ鍖堝笣鍦�(gu贸)锛屽彟涓€鏂规槸鍗�(xi茅)绱勫湅(gu贸)鐨勮嫳鍦�(gu贸)銆佹硶鍦�(gu贸)鍜屼縿鍦�(gu贸)銆傚ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)鐖嗙櫦(f膩)鍚�锛屾埌(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)瑕�(gu墨)妯′笉鏂锋摯(ku貌)澶э紝瀹冭秺鍑轰簡姝愭床鑼冨湇锛屼娇瑷卞鍦�(gu贸)瀹跺拰姘戞棌鍗峰叆浜嗘埌(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)鏃嬫甫銆傛剰澶у埄鑰冩叜鍒拌嚜宸辩殑鍒╁闂�(gu膩n)绯�锛屽悗渚�(l谩i)鍔犲叆浜嗗崝(xi茅)绱勫湅(gu贸)鏂归潰浣滄埌(zh脿n)銆�

绗竴娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)鏄竴鍫�(ch菐ng)甯濆湅(gu贸)涓荤京鐨勬帬濂埌(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)锛屽皪(du矛)浜ゆ埌(zh脿n)闆欐柟渚�(l谩i)瑾�(shu艒)锛岄兘鏄潪姝ｇ京鐨�銆傚鐖剧董浜炴墍閫�(j矛n)琛岀殑鎴�(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)锛岄洊鐒舵槸鐐轰簡淇濊(w猫i)鑷繁鐨勫湅(gu贸)瀹朵富娆�(qu谩n)鍜屾皯鏃忕崹(d煤)绔嬭€屾埌(zh脿n)锛屽叿鏈夋缇╃殑姘戞棌瑙ｆ斁鎬ц唱(zh矛)锛屼絾閫欏苟涓嶈兘鏀硅畩鏁村€�(g猫)鎴�(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)鐨勯潪姝ｇ京鎬ц唱(zh矛)銆�

鍑＄埦鐧绘埌(zh脿n)褰�

鎴�(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)涓€闁�(k膩i)濮�锛屾瓙娲插舰鎴愪簡涓夋鎴�(zh脿n)绶�銆�

鈶犺タ绶�:寰炴瘮鍒╂檪(sh铆)銆佹硶鍦�(gu贸)鍖楅儴鍜屽痉娉曢倞澧冿紝鍦ㄩ偅閲�锛岃嫳娉曞皪(du矛)寰蜂綔鎴�(zh脿n);

鈶℃澅绶�:寰炴尝缇呯殑娴峰崡宀哥洿鍒扮緟棣凹浜�锛屽湪閭ｉ噷锛屼縿鍦�(gu贸)灏�(du矛)寰峰ェ浣滄埌(zh脿n);

鈶㈠崡绶�:宸寸埦骞叉埌(zh脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)锛屽ェ鍖堝皪(du矛)淇勫湅(gu贸)鍜屽鐖剧董浜炰綔鎴�(zh脿n)銆�

鍑＄埦鐧绘埌(zh脿n)褰规槸瑗跨窔鐨勮憲鍚嶆埌(zh脿n)褰逛箣涓€銆�1916骞�2鏈堜笅鏃�锛屽痉杌嶄互娉曞湅(gu贸)鐨勫嚒鐖剧櫥瑕佸鐐虹洰妯�(bi膩o)锛岀櫦(f膩)鍕�(d貌ng)浜嗗挤(qi谩ng)澶ф敾鍕�(sh矛)锛屾兂鎶婇€欓噷璁婃垚“纰剧娉曡粛鐨勭（鐩�”銆傚嚒鐖剧櫥浣嶄簬娉曞湅(gu贸)鏉卞寳閭婂锛屾槸宸撮粠鐨勫墠琛�(w猫i)锛屽張鏄暣鍊�(g猫)娉曡粛鎴�(zh脿n)绶氱殑鏀拹榛�(di菐n)銆傚痉杌嶆湰渚�(l谩i)闋�(y霉)瑷�(j矛)鍙互涓€鎴�(zh脿n)鑰屽嫕锛屼絾鍑＄埦鐧荤殑鏀诲畧鎴�(zh脿n)鍗绘棩寰�(f霉)涓€鏃ュ湴鎷栦簡涓嬪幓銆傚埌12鏈堝嚒鐖剧櫥鎴�(zh脿n)褰圭祼(ji茅)鏉熸檪(sh铆)锛岄洐鏂瑰叡鍌蜂骸涓冨崄澶氳惉(w脿n)浜恒€傞€欎竴鎴�(zh脿n)褰瑰洜姝よ绋辩偤“鍑＄埦鐧荤禐鑲夋(j墨)”銆�

宸撮粠鍜屾渻(hu矛)

澶ф埌(zh脿n)鐨勭祼(ji茅)鏉�

甯濆湅(gu贸)涓荤京鎴�(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)浣夸氦鎴�(zh脿n)闆欐柟閮芥秷鑰椾簡澶ч噺浜哄姏鍜岀墿鍔涳紝鍕炲嫊(d貌ng)浜烘皯鐢熸椿鏃ョ泭绐洶锛岀ぞ鏈�(hu矛)鐭涚浘鍜岄殠绱�(j铆)鐭涚浘灏栭姵銆傜編鍦�(gu贸)鍦ㄥぇ鎴�(zh脿n)鍓嶆湡鍒╃敤“涓珛”鍦颁綅锛屽悓浜ゆ埌(zh脿n)鍦�(gu贸)鍋氱敓鎰忥紝澶х櫦(f膩)鎴�(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)璨�(c谩i)銆�1917骞�4鏈�锛屽ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)鎺ヨ繎灏捐伈锛屼氦鎴�(zh脿n)闆欐柟閮藉凡绮剧柌鍔涚锛岀編鍦�(gu贸)浠ュ弽灏�(du矛)寰峰湅(gu贸)瀵�(sh铆)琛�“鐒�(w煤)闄愬埗娼涙按鑹囨埌(zh脿n)”鐐哄€熷彛锛屽悜寰峰湅(gu贸)瀹ｆ埌(zh脿n)銆傚湪甯濆湅(gu贸)涓荤京閺堟涓婃渶钖勫急鐨勭挵(hu谩n)绡€(ji茅)——娌欑殗淇勫湅(gu贸)锛岀垎鐧�(f膩)浜�1917骞寸殑浜屾湀闈╁懡鍜屽崄鏈堢ぞ鏈�(hu矛)涓荤京闈╁懡銆備簩鏈堥潻鍛�****浜嗘矙鐨�銆�1917骞�11鏈�7鏃�(淇勬10鏈�25鏃�)锛屽竷鐖句粈缍厠榛ㄩ牁(l菒ng)灏�(d菐o)宸ヤ汉銆佽静(n贸ng)姘戦€氶亷(gu貌)姝﹁璧风京锛屽彇寰椾簡鍗佹湀绀炬渻(hu矛)涓荤京闈╁懡鐨勫嫕鍒�锛屽缓绔嬩簡铇囩董鍩冩斂娆�(qu谩n)銆傛柊鐢熺殑铇囩董鍩冨叡鍜屽湅(gu贸)鍫�(ji膩n)姹洪€€鍑轰簡甯濆湅(gu贸)涓荤京鎴�(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)銆傚湪鍗佹湀闈╁懡褰遍熆涓�锛屼氦鎴�(zh脿n)鍚勫湅(gu贸)鐨勯潻鍛介亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)绌哄墠楂樻疾锛屽悓鐩熷湅(gu贸)鎼栨悥娆插銆�1918骞�10鏈堜笅鏃�锛屽ェ鍖堝笣鍦�(gu贸)鐡﹁В锛屾嵎鍏嬫柉娲涗紣鍏嬪拰鍖堢墮鍒╁甯冪崹(d煤)绔�銆傚墠绶氱殑杌嶉殜(du矛)鎷掔禃绻肩簩(x霉)浣滄埌(zh脿n)銆�1918骞�11 鏈�3鏃�锛屽痉鍦�(gu贸)鍩虹埦娓按鍏佃捣缇�銆傝捣缇╄繀閫熷腑鍗峰叏鍦�(gu贸)锛屽痉鐨囪杩€€浣�锛岄€冨線鑽疯槶銆�11鏈�11鏃�锛屽痉鍦�(gu贸)瀹ｅ竷鎶曢檷銆傜涓€娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)浠ュ悓鐩熷湅(gu贸)鐨勫け鏁楄€屽憡绲傘€�

绗竴娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)姝锋檪(sh铆)4骞村锛�30鍊�(g猫)鍦�(gu贸)瀹�銆�1. 5鍎勪汉鍙ｅ嵎鍏ヤ簡鎴�(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)銆傞€欏牬(ch菐ng)鎴�(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)绲︿笘鐣岄€犳垚浜嗗法澶х殑鎼嶅け銆傚ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)涓浜＄殑浜烘暩(sh霉)閬�(d谩)鍏櫨澶氳惉(w脿n)浜�锛屽彈鍌风殑閬�(d谩)鍏╁崈澶氳惉(w脿n)锛岀墿璩�(zh矛)鎼嶅け鍤�(y谩n)閲�銆傞€欐鎴�(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熶簡鍙︿竴鍊�(g猫)閲嶈绲�(ji茅)鏋�锛屽氨鏄縿鍦�(gu贸)宸ヤ汉闅庣礆(j铆)鍙栧緱浜嗗崄鏈堢ぞ鏈�(hu矛)涓荤京闈╁懡鐨勫亯澶у嫕鍒�锛屽缓绔嬩簡涓栫晫涓婄涓€鍊�(g猫)绀炬渻(hu矛)涓荤京鍦�(gu贸)瀹�銆�

宸撮粠鍜屾渻(hu矛)

1919骞�1鏈�锛屾埌(zh脿n)鍕濈殑鍗�(xi茅)绱勫湅(gu贸)鐐轰簡绶犵祼(ji茅)鍜岀磩銆佸皪(du矛)鎴�(zh脿n)鍚庝笘鐣屽仛鍑哄畨鎺掞紝鍦ㄥ反榛庡彫闁�(k膩i)鏈�(hu矛)璀�锛岄€欏氨鏄反榛庡拰鏈�(hu矛)銆傛渻(hu矛)璀拌骞惧€�(g猫)澶у湅(gu贸)鎵€鎿嶇副銆�1919骞�6鏈�锛屽崝(xi茅)绱勫湅(gu贸)鑸囧痉鍦�(gu贸)绨借▊浜嗐€婂嚒鐖捐辰鍜岀磩銆�锛屽皪(du矛)寰峰湅(gu贸)鍦ㄩ牁(l菒ng)鍦�銆佽粛浜嬨€佹斂娌�銆佽碃娆俱€佹畺姘戝湴绛夋柟闈㈠仛鍑虹殑瑕�(gu墨)瀹氬寘鎷�:

鍦ㄥ反榛庡拰鏈�(hu矛)涓�锛屼腑鍦�(gu贸)浠ｈ〃鎻愬嚭浜嗗彇娑堝笣鍦�(gu贸)涓荤京鍦ㄤ腑鍦�(gu贸)鐨勪竴鍒囩壒娆�(qu谩n)銆佹閭勫湪澶ф埌(zh脿n)鏈熼枔琚棩鏈オ鍘荤殑寰峰湅(gu贸)鍦ㄤ腑鍦�(gu贸)灞辨澅鐨勪竴鍒囨瑠(qu谩n)鐩婄瓑鍚堢悊瑕佹眰锛屼絾琚嫳銆佹硶銆佺編绛夊垪寮�(qi谩ng)鎷掔禃?锛佹枟鐭ゆ牂鎯″浘s銆嬭(gu墨)瀹�锛屽痉鍦�(gu贸)鍦ㄤ腑鍦�(gu贸)灞辨澅鐨勫叏閮ㄦ瑠(qu谩n)鐩婄敱鏃ユ湰绻兼壙銆傞€欐縺璧蜂簡涓湅(gu贸)浜烘皯鐨勬サ澶ф啢鎱紝寮曠櫦(f膩)浜嗗弽甯濇剾(脿i)鍦�(gu贸)鐨勪簲鍥涢亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)銆備腑鍦�(gu贸)浠ｈ〃鎷掔禃鍦ㄣ€婂嚒鐖捐辰鍜岀磩銆嬩笂绨藉瓧銆�

1919-1920骞�锛屽崝(xi茅)绱勫湅(gu贸)閭勫垎鍒ュ悓寰峰湅(gu贸)鐨勭洘鍦�(gu贸)濂у湴鍒┿€佸寛鐗欏埄銆佸湡鑰冲叾鍜屼繚鍔犲埄浜炵敖瑷備簡涓€绯诲垪鍜岀磩锛岄€欎簺鍜岀磩鍚屻€婂嚒鐖捐辰鍜岀磩銆嬩竴璧凤紝妲�(g貌u)鎴愪簡鍑＄埦璩介珨绯�锛岀⒑绔嬩簡甯濆湅(gu贸)涓荤京鍦ㄦ瓙娲层€佽タ浜�銆侀潪娲茬当(t菕ng)娌荤殑鏂扮З搴�銆�