銆€銆€Text A銆€American Men Don't Cry$lesson$

銆€?銆�?New words

銆€銆€1.甯舵湁鍓嶇洞鐨勫柈瑭烇細杞�(zhu菐n)鑷挵(hu谩n) 鐞� 缍�(w菐ng) 鏍du24ol.com

銆€銆€disapprove v. 涓嶈磰鎴愶紙of锛�

銆€銆€disapproval n.

銆€銆€discourage vt. 1.浣挎硠姘�锛屼娇娌柂锛�2.闃绘敂

銆€銆€encourage v. 榧撹垶锛岄紦鍕�

銆€銆€unable a. 涓嶈兘鐨勶紝涓嶆渻鐨勶紙to + v.锛�

銆€銆€incapacity n. 鐒¤兘鍔涚殑锛屼笉鑳�

銆€銆€inability n. 鐒¤兘锛岀劇鑳界偤鍔�

銆€銆€unnecessary adj. 涓嶅繀瑕佺殑锛� 澶氫綑鐨�

銆€銆€disequilibrate vt. 鎵撶牬鈥︾殑骞宠　

銆€銆€restore vt. 浣挎仮寰�(f霉)锛岋紙浣匡級鍥炲京(f霉)

銆€銆€2.甯舵湁鍚庣洞鐨勫柈瑭烇細

銆€銆€weakness n. 杌熷急锛涚己榛� 鈫愨啋 advantage/merit 鍎�(y艒u)榛烇紝鍎�(y艒u)鍕�

銆€銆€childishness n. 骞肩

銆€銆€dependence n. 渚濋潬

銆€銆€permit v. 婧�(zh菙n)瑷�锛屽厑瑷�

銆€銆€permission n. 鍏佽ū

銆€銆€permissive a. 婧�(zh菙n)瑷辩殑锛屽厑瑷辩殑

銆€銆€stable a. 绌�(w臎n)瀹氱殑

銆€銆€stability n. 绌�(w臎n)瀹氭€э紝绌�(w臎n)瀹�锛涘爡瀹氾紝鎭掑績

銆€銆€intend v. 婧�(zh菙n)鍌�锛屾墦绠�

銆€銆€intention n. 鎵撶畻锛岃▓鍔�

銆€銆€confuse v. 娣锋穯锛屾贩浜�

銆€銆€confusion n. 娣蜂簜锛屾厡浜�锛涙贩娣�

銆€銆€necessity n. 闇€瑕�锛屽繀瑕佹€�锛涘繀闇€鍝�

銆€銆€necessary a. 闇€瑕佺殑

銆€銆€interference n. 骞叉秹锛屽共闋�(y霉)锛涘Θ绀�

銆€銆€maintenance n. 缍寔锛屼繚鎸侊紱缍慨锛涘爡鎸�锛岀董璀�

銆€銆€animated a. 鏍╂牘濡傜敓鐨�锛涚敓姘ｅ媰鍕冪殑

銆€銆€lessen vt. 娓涜紩锛屾笡灏�锛涚府灏�锛岃捕浣�

銆€銆€vi. 璁婂皯

銆€銆€鏍稿績瑭炲尟锛�

銆€銆€1.childlike 瀛╁瓙鑸殑锛屽ぉ鐪熺劇閭�

銆€銆€eg锛� It is difficult for us to have the childlike enjoyment now. 鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄥ皪浜庢垜鍊戜締瑾�锛屾兂瑕佷韩鍙楀瀛愯埇鐨勬妯傚鍦ㄦ槸澶洠浜�銆�

銆€銆€childish 骞肩鐨�锛屽偦閲屽偦姘ｇ殑

銆€銆€eg锛� Don't be so childish. 涓嶈鍐嶉€欎箞瀛╁瓙姘ｄ簡銆�

銆€銆€2.disapprove of 涓嶈磰鎴愨€︼紙浣嗕笉涓€瀹氳〃绀哄弽灏嶏級

銆€銆€Eg锛� She wants to be an actress锛� but her parents disapprove of her intentions.

銆€銆€The father disapproved of his daughter's marriage to the poor fellow.

銆€銆€3.discourage 浣挎硠姘�锛屼娇娌柂锛�

銆€銆€闃绘敂 discourage 鈥�銆� from鈥�銆�

銆€銆€Eg锛� Tom was discouraged with life when the beautiful girl refused his love.

銆€銆€Parents should discourage their children from smoking.

銆€銆€4.restore 浣挎仮寰�(f霉)锛屼娇鍥炲京(f霉)

銆€?銆�?灏囷紙澶辩墿锛夋閭勫師涓�

銆€銆€Eg锛� Police restored the stolen jewels to the owner.

銆€?銆�?浣挎煇浜�/鏌愮墿鍥炲京(f霉)鍒板師铏曟垨鍘熶綅

銆€銆€Eg锛� He restored his dictionary to the shelf.

銆€?銆�?浣挎煇浜�/鏌愮墿鎭㈠京(f霉)鍘熷厛鐨勭媭娉�

銆€銆€Eg锛欰fter the operation锛� he restored his sight. 锛堣鍔涳級

銆€銆€interfere in sth. 鍦ㄦ煇浠朵簨涓婃墦鎿�

銆€銆€interfere with sb. 鎵撴摼浜嗘煇浜�

銆€銆€interference锛坣.锛塱n/with sth.

銆€銆€eg锛� Don't interfere in matters that don't concern you. 涓嶈骞查爯(y霉)鑸囦綘鐒￠棞(gu膩n)鐨勪簨鎯�銆�

銆€銆€We can't understand his interference in/with the other's domestic 锛堝搴殑锛� matters.

銆€銆€6.damage n.

銆€銆€do /cause damage to 灏嶆煇浜烘垨鏌愮墿閫犳垚閮ㄥ垎鎬х殑鎼嶅偡銆�

銆€銆€eg锛� The accident did/caused a lot of damage to the car.

銆€銆€7.lessen v.

銆€銆€eg锛� We should gradually lessen the difference between the city and the countryside.

銆€銆€8.defect /fault /error /mistake 閮藉彲浠ヨ〃绀烘矑鏈夊仛灏嶄簨鎯呮垨浜嬫儏鍋氬緱涓嶅Ε銆�

銆€銆€1锛塎istake鍦ㄥ洓鍊嬭涓〃鎰忔渶绫犵当(t菕ng)锛屽彲浠ョ敤鍦ㄦ棩甯哥殑鍚勭ó鎯呮硜鐣�(d膩ng)涓�

銆€銆€Eg锛� Your essay is full of mistakes.

銆€銆€It was a mistake to go there on holiday.

銆€銆€2锛塃rror姣攎istake鏇存浉闈㈠寲锛岄€氬父鐢ㄤ簬鏇搁潰瑾炴垨姣旇純姝ｈ(gu墨)鐨勬儏娉佷笅銆�

銆€銆€Eg锛� It is a technical error.

銆€銆€3锛塅ault鍋�(c猫)閲嶄簬閫犳垚閷鐨勫€嬩汉璨�(z茅)浠�銆�

銆€銆€Eg锛� The child broke the window锛� but it was his parents' fault for letting him playing indoors.

銆€銆€He has many faults锛� but laziness is not one of them.

銆€銆€4锛塂efect鎸囧毚(y谩n)閲嶇殑缂洪櫡

銆€銆€The new car has to be withdrawn from the market because of a mechanical defect.

銆€銆€9.intend to do = plan to do 鎵撶畻鍋氭煇浜�

銆€銆€intention n.

銆€銆€Eg锛� If I've hurt your feelings it was quite without intention. 濡傛灉鎴戝偡瀹充簡浣犵殑鎰熸儏锛屽畬鍏ㄦ槸鍑轰簬鐒℃剰銆�

銆€銆€10.confusion n.

銆€銆€confuse v.

銆€銆€Eg锛� Her unexpected arrival threw us into total confusion. 濂逛締寰楀緢绐佺劧锛屼娇鎴戝€戝畬鍏ㄤ笉鐭ユ墍鎺�銆�

銆€銆€They confused me by asking so many questions.

銆€銆€11.necessity n.

銆€銆€Eg锛� Necessity is the mother of invention. 闇€瑕佹槸鐧�(f膩)鏄庝箣姣嶃€�

銆€銆€Food锛� clothing and shelter are all basic necessities of life. 琛ｃ€侀銆佷綇鏄敓娲荤殑鍩烘湰蹇呴渶鍝併€�

銆€銆€Phrase锛�

銆€銆€1.in the least 涓€榛�锛岀挡姣紙涓嶏級锛堢敤浜庡惁瀹氬彞锛�

銆€銆€Eg锛� They are not in the least interested in skiing.

銆€銆€2.to disapprove 锛坥f锛� 涓嶅悓鎰�

銆€銆€3.with regard to闂�(gu膩n)浜庘€�锛屽皪浜庘€� = in regard to = in regard of

銆€銆€Eg锛� With regard to price锛� we think it is too high.

銆€銆€4.feel like sth./ doing sth. 鎯冲仛鏌愪簨锛屾効鎰忓仛鏌愪簨

銆€銆€Eg锛� I feeling like 锛坔aving锛� a drink.

銆€銆€5.not that 鈥︹€� but that 鈥� 涓嶆槸鍥犵偤鈥﹁€屾槸鍥犵偤

銆€銆€Eg锛� I can not attend your birthday party not that I'm unwilling to but that I have no time.

銆€銆€6.锛坕n锛塩apacity to do 锛堟矑锛夋湁鈥﹁兘鍔涘仛

銆€銆€7.as a whole 浣滅偤涓€鍊嬫暣楂�锛涚附鐨勪締瑾�

銆€銆€Eg锛� As a whole锛� the climate here is very nice.

銆€銆€8.锛坕n-锛� ability to 锛堟矑锛夋湁鈥︾殑鑳藉姏锛堥€欓噷to涓嶆槸浠嬭鏄笉瀹氬紡锛�

銆€銆€Eg锛� He has the ability to do the work.

銆€銆€9.among other things 闄や簡鍏跺畠鏂归潰锛屾澶�

銆€銆€Eg锛� Mr. Smith returned to his hometown among other things锛� to see his old mother.

銆€銆€10. clear 鈥f 鈥� 鎶娾€﹀緸鈥︿腑娓呴櫎

銆€銆€Eg锛� People are clearing the streets of snow.

銆€銆€鈪�.Text A

銆€銆€American Men Don't Cry

銆€銆€璀細缇庡湅鐢峰瓙婕竴鑸笉鏈冨摥

銆€銆€American men don't cry because it is considered not characteristic of men to do so.

銆€銆€璀細缇庡湅鐨勭敺瀛愭饥涓€鑸兘涓嶆渻鍝�銆傚洜鐐虹敺瀛愭饥瑕佸摥浜嗭紝閭ｅ氨琚獚(r猫n)鐐洪€欏€嬩汉涓嶅叿鍌欑敺瀛愭饥鐨勭壒寰�銆�

銆€銆€1.A is characteristic of B A鏄疊鐨勭壒寰�

銆€銆€eg. Honesty is characteristic of children.

銆€銆€Only women cry.Cry is a 鈥渨eakness鈥� characteristic of the female锛� and no American male wants to be identified with anything in the least weak or feminine.

銆€銆€璀細鍙湁濠﹀コ鎵嶅摥?锛熷妗ヮ啩鏀掓但閱皨鎲〧(xi脿n)銆備笉璜栧仛浠€涔堜簨锛屾矑鏈変换浣曚竴鍊嬬編鍦嬬敺浜烘兂瑕佽畵浜哄瑾�(r猫n)鐐烘湁绲叉鎳﹀急鎴栬€呭儚鍊嬪コ浜轰技鐨勩€�

銆€銆€2.be identified with 瑾�(r猫n)鐐衡€︾瓑鍚屼簬

銆€銆€Eg锛� He identifies her happiness with his own. 锛堥€欓噷鐢ㄧ殑鏄富鍕曞舰寮廼dentify with锛�

銆€銆€You can't identify money with happiness.

銆€銆€Smoking is identified with committing suicide.

銆€銆€In the least 涓€榛�

銆€銆€Crying锛� in our culture锛� is identified with childishness锛� with weakness and dependence. No one likes a crybaby锛� and we disapprove of crying even in children锛� discouraging it in them as early as possible. In a land so devoted to the pursuit of happiness as ours锛� crying really is rather un-American.

銆€銆€璀細鍦ㄦ垜鍊戠殑鎬濇兂鏂囧寲瑙€蹇电暥(d膩ng)涓�锛屽摥鍝暭鍟肩附鏄窡瀛╁瓙姘�銆佹嚘寮�銆佷笉鑳借嚜绔嬭伅(li谩n)绯诲湪涓€璧风殑銆傛矑鏈変换浣曚汉鏈冨枩姝′竴鍊嬪摥楝х殑瀛╁瓙锛屾墍浠ュ嵆浣垮皪鍏掔渚嗚锛屾垜鍊戜篃涓嶈磰鎴愪粬鍊戝摥锛岀洝鍙兘寰炲緢灏忕殑鏅傚€欒捣锛岃秺鏃╄秺濂�锛岄紦鍕靛瀛愬€戜笉瑕佸摥銆傚湪鍍忔垜鍊戦€欐ǎ涓€鍊嬬啽琛蜂簬杩芥眰骞哥蹇▊鐨勫湅瀹堕噷锛屽摥鍝暭鍟煎鍦ㄤ笉澶悎涔庣編鍦嬩汉鐨勯ⅷ(f膿ng)搴�銆�

銆€銆€Adults must learn not to cry in situations in which it is permissible for a child to cry. Women being the 鈥渨eaker鈥� and 鈥渄ependent鈥� sex锛� it is only natural that they should cry in certain emotional situations. In women锛� crying is excusable. But in men锛� crying is a mark of weakness. So goes the American belief with regard to crying.

銆€銆€璀細鎴愬勾浜洪兘蹇呴爤鐭ラ亾锛屽嚒鍦ㄥ厑瑷卞皬瀛╁瓙鍝殑鎯呮硜涓�锛屾垚骞翠汉閮戒笉鎳�(y墨ng)瑭插摥銆傚洜鐐哄コ鎬ф槸涓€绋€滆粺寮辩殑鈥�銆佲€滀緷璩寸敺浜虹殑鈥濇€у垾锛屽コ鎬у湪鐗瑰畾鐨勭挵(hu谩n)澧冧笅寮曡捣鎰熸儏娉㈠嫊锛岃嫢鏄摥涓€閫氫篃鏄緢鑷劧鐨�銆傚皪濠﹀コ鍊戜締瑾�锛屽摥鏄彲浠ュ師璜掔殑?锛熷鑿嵨磋叆钘栫f锛屽摥灏辨渻绲︿汉鐣欎笅杌熷急鐒¤兘鐨勫嵃璞�銆備簬鏄編鍦嬩汉灏嶄簬鍝常鐨勭湅娉曞氨閫欐ǎ鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熶簡銆�

銆€銆€mark n.妯�(bi膩o)蹇�锛涘搧鐗�

銆€銆€go 琛ㄧず閫茶锛岃捣浣滅敤

銆€銆€eg. The meeting went better than we have expected.

銆€銆€鈥淎 little man锛屸€� we impress on our male children锛� 鈥渘ever cries. Only girls and crybabies do.鈥� And so we condition males in America not to cry whenever they feel like doing so.

銆€銆€3.impress on/upon 鐗㈣锛岄姌瑷�锛涚郸鈥︿互妤垫繁鐨勫嵃璞�

銆€銆€eg锛� We impress on the young people that pride goes before a fall. 鎴戝€戣畵闈掑勾浜虹墷瑷橀⿻鑰呭繀鏁�

銆€銆€condition

銆€銆€n.鎯呮硜锛屽娉� 銆€銆€v.浣块仼鎳�(y墨ng)锛屼娇缈�(x铆)鎱�

銆€銆€in the condition of 鍦ㄢ€︽儏娉佷笅

銆€銆€at the condition 铏曚簬鈥︽儏娉佷笅

銆€銆€璀細鎴戝€戣畵鎴戝€戠殑鐢锋€у厭绔ラ姌瑷樺湪蹇冿細鈥滀竴鍊嬪皬鐢峰瓙婕㈡案閬犱篃涓嶆渻鍝殑锛屽彧鏈夊コ瀛╁瓙鍜屽墰鍓涚敓涓嬩締鐨勫皬濞冨▋鎵嶆渻鍝�銆傗€濇墍浠ユ瘡鐣�(d膩ng)缇庡湅鐨勭敺鎬ф兂瑕佸摥鐨勬檪鍊�锛屾垜鍊戝氨瑷�(x霉n)绶翠粬鍊戞唻浣忓垾鍝€�

銆€銆€It is not that American males are unable to cry because of some biological time clock within them which causes them to run down in that capacity as they grow older锛� but that they are trained not to cry.

銆€銆€Run down 鐢ㄧ洝锛岃€楃洝锛涜畩?n猫i)?/P>

銆€銆€Eg. If you leave your head lights on锛� you will soon run down your battery.

銆€銆€璀細閫欏苟涓嶆槸鍥犵偤浠栧€戦毃钁楀勾榻＄殑澧為暦锛岄珨鍏�(n猫i)鏌愬€嬬敓鐗╅悩涓婄殑鍝殑鑳藉姏宸茬稉(j墨ng)娑堣€楁畣鐩�锛岃€屾槸鍥犵偤浠栧€戣瑷�(x霉n)绶村緱涓嶈ū鍝�銆�

銆€銆€And so the 鈥渓(f膩)ittle man鈥� controls his desire to cry and goes on doing so until he is unable to cry even when he wants to.

銆€銆€璀細浜庢槸閫欌€滃皬鐢峰瓙婕⑩€濇兂鍝殑鏅傚€欙紝涔熻€佹槸鎲嬭憲涓嶅摥锛屼竴鐩存唻鍒扮敋鑷崇暥(d膩ng)浠栨兂鍝殑鏅傚€欎篃涓嶆渻鍝簡銆�

銆€銆€Thus do we produce a trained incapacity in the American male to cry. And this is bad.

銆€銆€thus鏀惧湪鍙ラ鍙ュ瓙瑕佸€掕

銆€銆€璀細閫欐ǎ锛屾垜鍊戝氨鑷翠娇缇庡湅鐢锋€ц瑷�(x霉n)绶存垚涓嶆渻鍝殑浜轰簡銆傞€欏緢涓嶅ソ銆�

銆€銆€Why is it bad锛� Because crying is a natural function of the human organism which is designed to restore the emotionally disequilibrated person to a state of equilibrium.

銆€銆€璀細鐐轰粈涔堜笉濂藉憿锛熷洜鐐哄摥鏄汉鐨勬湁姗熼珨涓殑涓€绋緢鑷劧鐨勫姛鑳斤紝鏈夐€欎竴鍔熻兘灏辨槸鐐轰簡璁撻偅浜涙劅鎯呬笂澶卞幓浜嗗钩琛＄殑浜�锛岃兘鎭㈠京(f霉)鍒版劅鎯呬笂骞宠　鐨勭媭鎱�(t脿i)銆�

銆€銆€The return of the disequilibrated organ systems of the body to steady states or dynamic stability is known as homeostasis. Crying serves a homeostatic function for the organism as a whole. Any interference with homeostasis is likely to be damaging to the organism. And there is good reason to believe that the American male's trained incapacity to cry is seriously damaging to him.

銆€銆€璀細鎶婁汉楂斿け鍘讳簡骞宠　鐨勫櫒瀹橀珨绯绘仮寰�(f霉)鍒扮┅(w臎n)瀹氱媭鎱�(t脿i)鎴栨仮寰�(f霉)鍒版甯搁亱浣滅媭鎱�(t脿i)涓嬬殑绌�(w臎n)瀹氱媭鎱�(t脿i)锛岃绋辩偤楂斿収(n猫i)骞宠　?锛熻浚蟿璋￠簞鈧敓鐗╅珨鐨勯珨鍏�(n猫i)骞宠　璧蜂綔鐢�銆傚皪楂斿収(n猫i)骞宠　鐨勪换浣曞共鎿鹃兘鏈夊彲鑳芥悕瀹充汉鐨勬湁姗熼珨銆傛墍浠ワ紝鎴戝€戞湁鍏呭垎鐨勭悊鐢辩浉淇�锛屾妸缇庡湅鐢锋€ц〒(x霉n)绶村緱涓嶆渻鍝�锛岄€欐渻灏嶇編鍦嬬敺鎬ч€犳垚鍤�(y谩n)閲嶇殑鎼嶅銆�

銆€銆€It is unnecessary to cry whenever one wants to cry锛� but one should be able to cry when one ought to cry - when one needs to cry. For to cry under certain emotionally disequilibrating conditions is necessary for the maintenance of health.

銆€銆€for 锛氬紩灏�(d菐o)鍘熷洜鐙€瑾炲緸鍙�

銆€銆€璀細涓€鍊嬩汉涓嶈珫浠讳綍鏅傚€欐兂鍝氨鍝紝閫欏鍦ㄦ槸娌掓湁蹇呰锛涗絾鏄暥(d膩ng)涓€鍊嬩汉鎳�(y墨ng)瑭插摥鐨勬檪鍊欌€曗€曚篃灏辨槸涓€鍊嬩汉闇€瑕佸摥鐨勬檪鍊�锛屾噳(y墨ng)瑭茶兘澶犲摥鍑轰締銆傚洜鐐哄摥涓婁竴閫氬湪鍏�(n猫i)蹇冩劅鎯呭け琛＄殑鎯呮硜涓嬶紝灏嶄繚鎸佽韩楂斿仴搴锋槸蹇呰鐨�銆�

銆€銆€To be human is to weep. The human species is the only one in the whole of animated nature that sheds tears. The trained inability of any human being to weep is lessening of his capacity to be human - a defect which usually goes deeper than the mere inability to cry.

銆€銆€go 閫茶锛岃捣浣滅敤

銆€銆€璀細鍙鏄汉灏辨渻钀芥窔銆傚湪鏁村€嬪嫊鐗╀笘鐣岄噷锛屼汉椤為€欏€嬬墿绋槸鍞竴鐨勬渻娴佹窔鐨勭墿绋€傛妸涓€鍊嬩汉瑷�(x霉n)绶存垚涓嶆渻钀芥窔鐨勪汉锛岄€欏氨娓涘皯浜嗕粬浣滅偤涓€鍊嬩汉鎵€鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夌殑鑳藉姏銆傛笡灏戜竴鍊嬩汉鎵€鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夌殑鑳藉姏锛岄€欎竴缂洪櫡姣斿儏鍍呮槸涓嶆渻鍝常鍦ㄦ剰缇╀笂瑕佹繁閬犲緱澶�銆�

銆€銆€And this锛� among other things锛� is what American parents - with the best intentions in the world - have achieved for the American male. It is very sad. If we feel like it锛� let us all have a good cry - and clear our minds of those cobwebs of confusion which have for so long prevented us from understanding the natural necessity of crying.

銆€銆€璀細鑰岄€欎竴榛�锛屽挨鍏舵槸閫欎竴榛�锛屾鏄偅浜涙嚪钁椾汉闁撴渶缇庡ソ鐨勭敤蹇冪殑缇庡湅鐖舵瘝鍊戠郸缇庡湅鐢锋€ч(y菐ng)鎴愮殑銆傜啊鐩存槸澶彲鎮蹭簡銆傚鏋滄垜鍊戞兂鍝殑瑭�锛岄偅灏辫畵鎴戝€戝ソ濂藉湴鍝笂涓€閫氬惂锛屾妸閭ｄ簺寰堥暦鏅傞枔浠ヤ締浣挎垜鍊戜笉鑳界悊瑙ｅ摥閫欑ó澶╂€х殑闇€瑕�銆佸儚铚樿洓缍�(w菐ng)涓€妯ｆ潫绺涗汉鎬濇兂鐨勭ó绋硦娑傛兂娉�锛屽緸鎴戝€戠殑鑵︽捣涓竻闄ゅ緱骞插共鍑堝噲鍚с€�

銆€銆€鈪�.Vocabulary Exercises

銆€銆€For each sentence锛� fill in the blank with the proper form of the words given at the beginning. Please pay attention to the part of speech of each word.

銆€銆€1.disapprove approve approval disapproval

銆€銆€a.She wants to be a nurse but her parents disapprove of her intention.

銆€銆€b.When the girl picked her nose at the dinner table锛� her father looked at her with disapproval.

銆€銆€c.We have obtained the authorities' approval in our involvement in the program.

銆€銆€d.If my project isn't approved of by the headmaster all my work will have been wasted.

銆€銆€2.discourage encourage courage encouraging锛坅.锛� courageous

銆€銆€a.The young explorer feels greatly discouraged by the difficulties he has encountered.

銆€銆€encount锛� 閬囧埌锛岄伃閬�

銆€銆€b.When his opinion is different from that of the majority锛� the doesn't have the courage to say what he thinks right.

銆€銆€c.The speaker felt fairly confident when he got a encouraging smile from the audience.

銆€銆€d.The Association for Wildlife Preservation encourages members to protect the environment.

銆€銆€e.The young man was courageous enough to break away from traditional ideas.

銆€銆€3.permisssible permit permission

銆€銆€a.Lies are not permissible evidence in court.

銆€銆€b.Nobody can enter the air base without special permission.

銆€銆€c.Smoking is not permitted in public places of recreation.

銆€銆€4.organism organ organic

銆€銆€a.The organ of political power should serve the people.

銆€銆€b.Cities are more complex organism than self?sufficient villages.

銆€銆€c.In a well-written article锛� all the paraphs should be written into an organic whole .

銆€銆€Text B銆€Stop Worrying Now锛�

銆€?銆�?New words

銆€銆€take it easy 锛歞on't worry

銆€銆€1.鍚湁鍓嶇洞鐨勫柈瑭烇細

銆€銆€immobilize v. 浣垮浐瀹�锛屼娇涓嶅嫊

銆€銆€鈫抦obile a. 鏄撲簬蹇€熺Щ鍕曠殑

銆€銆€2.鍚湁鍚庣洞鐨勫柈瑭烇細

銆€銆€virtually ad. 瀵﹂殯鍦�锛屽璩�(zh矛)鍦�锛屼簨瀵︿笂

銆€銆€obsessive a. 绾忎汉鐨勶紝寮疯揩鎬х殑锛涢亷鍒嗙殑

銆€銆€justify vt. 璀夋槑鈥︽槸姝ｇ暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)妯＄哺妞ゎ厳q璀�

銆€銆€error n. 閷

銆€銆€erroneous a. 閷鐨�锛屼笉姝ｇ⒑鐨�

銆€銆€sensible a. 鎰熻寰楀埌鐨�

銆€銆€sensibly ad. 鎰熻寰楀埌鍦帮紱鏄庢櫤鍦�锛屾槑鐧戒簨鐞嗗湴

銆€銆€sense n. 鎰熻

銆€銆€minimize vt.灏団€︹€︽笡鍒版渶灏�

銆€銆€minimum n.鏈€灏忓€�锛� 鏈€灏戦噺

銆€銆€maximize v. 澧炲姞鍒版渶澶ч噺

銆€銆€maximum n. 鏈€澶ч噺

銆€銆€absurd a. 鑽掕鐨�

銆€銆€absurdity n. 鑽掕

銆€銆€compulsively ad. 寮疯揩鍦�

銆€銆€enjoyment n. 浜彈

銆€銆€troublesome a. 浠や汉鐓╂儽鐨�锛岃◣鍘殑锛涢夯鐓╃殑锛岄洠铏曠悊鐨�

銆€銆€3.鍚堟垚瑭烇細

銆€銆€payoff n. 鐧�(f膩)宸ヨ硣锛涗粯娓�锛屽劅閭勶紱

銆€銆€backache n. 鑳岀棝锛岃叞鐥�

銆€銆€4.鐗规畩瑷樻喍锛�

銆€銆€dividend n. 绱呭埄锛屽埄鎭�锛涘洖鍫�锛屾晥鐩�

銆€銆€fulfill vt. 灞ヨ锛涘畬鎴�

銆€銆€resolve vt.浣垮垎瑙�锛岃В鏋愶紱瑙ｆ焙锛屾秷闄�

銆€銆€solve vt. 瑙ｆ焙锛岃В绛�

銆€銆€閲嶈瑭炲尟锛�

銆€銆€1.distress 甯哥敤浜庤鍕曡獮鎱�(t脿i)

銆€銆€n. 鐥涜嫤锛岃嫤鎯�

銆€銆€v. 浣跨棝鑻�锛屼娇鑻︽儽

銆€銆€Eg锛� I was most distressed to hear the sad news of your father's death .鑱藉埌浠ゅ皧鍘讳笘鐨勬秷鎭�锛屾垜鍗佸垎闆ｉ亷銆�

銆€銆€2.justify v. 璀夋槑鈥︹€︽槸姝ｇ暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)?锛涚偤鈥﹁警璀�

銆€銆€Eg锛� You shouldn't attempt to justify yourself.

銆€銆€3.fulfill vt. 灞ヨ锛坧romise锛� duty绛夛級锛� 瀹屾垚锛坱ask绛夛級

銆€銆€Eg锛� He fulfilled his promise after graduation he returned to his hometown .

銆€銆€4.resolve vt. 浣垮垎瑙ｏ紝瑙ｆ瀽锛涜В姹�锛屾秷闄�

銆€銆€Eg锛� Her arrival did little to resolve the situation.

銆€銆€Phrases锛�

銆€銆€1.in the first place 棣栧厛

銆€銆€in the second place 鍏舵

銆€銆€Eg锛� I would not advise you to read that book锛� in the first place锛� it is written in English and in the second place it is very difficult.

銆€銆€2.hang on to 锛坧rep锛�

銆€銆€hung hung 鎳告帥

銆€銆€hang

銆€銆€hanged hanged 绲炴

銆€銆€Eg锛� The boy hung on to his mother's apron锛� and would not let go. 鐢峰鎶撹憲浠栧濯界殑鍦嶈锛屼笉璁撳ス璧�

銆€銆€The police have only one fingerprint to hang on to. 璀﹀療鍙湁涓€鍊嬫寚绱嬪嵃鍙綔绶氱储銆�

銆€銆€3.use up v.鐢ㄥ畬锛� 鑰楃洝

銆€銆€鍚岀京瑭烇細run down 娑堣€�锛岀敤鐩�

銆€銆€Eg锛� He used up the money he had.

銆€銆€鍜寀p鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐨勭煭瑾烇細

銆€銆€use up / wash up 娲楀噲/ dry up 骞插緱涓€婊存按閮芥矑鏈変簡

銆€銆€4.give up 鏀炬锛涜畵鍑�

銆€銆€give in 灞堟湇锛屾姇闄�

銆€銆€eg锛� All hope of finding the missing plane was given up.

銆€銆€He doesn't give in to his fate. 浠栦笉灞堟湇浜庡懡閬�

銆€銆€5.back down 鏀炬锛堣姹傜瓑锛�锛涜畵姝�

銆€銆€Eg锛� He said he could swim锛� but he backed down when we got to the lake.

銆€銆€鈪�.Text B

銆€銆€Stop Worrying Now锛�

銆€銆€棣笂鍋滄涓嶅繀瑕佺殑鎿�(d膩n)蹇�锛�

銆€銆€Worry is one of the most common forms of emotional distress in our culture. Almost everyone spends a considerable amount of present moments worrying about the future. And virtually all of it is for nothing. Obsessive worry will never make things any better. In fact锛� such worry will very likely help you to be less effective in dealing with the present.

銆€銆€1.spend 鈥︹€︹€�+doing

銆€銆€+in/on sth.

銆€銆€eg. I spend much time in books.

銆€銆€I spend much money on books.

銆€銆€2.Considerable a. 鐩哥暥(d膩ng)澶氱殑

銆€銆€have sb. to do 璁撴煇浜衡€�銆�

銆€銆€the +adj. 涓€椤炩€�

銆€銆€璀細鍦ㄦ垜鍊戠殑鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓�锛屾摂(d膩n)蹇冩槸鎯呯窉涓婅嫤鎯辩殑鏈€鐐烘櫘閬嶇殑褰㈠紡涔嬩竴銆傚咕涔庢瘡鍊嬩汉閮芥渻鑺辫不鐩哥暥(d膩ng)鏁�(sh霉)閲忕殑澶уソ鏅傚厜鐢ㄥ湪鐐烘湭渚嗚€屾摂(d膩n)蹇�?锛熷娌丂涓€鍒囩殑鎿�(d膩n)蹇冮兘鏄鐒＄敤铏曠殑銆傞亷鍒嗙殑鎿�(d膩n)蹇冩案閬犱篃涓嶆渻浣挎儏娉佽畩寰楁湁绲叉鏀瑰杽銆備簨瀵︿笂锛岄€欑ó鎿�(d膩n)蹇冩渻浣夸綘铏曠悊鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑浜嬪嫏(w霉)鐨勫伐浣滄晥鐜囪畩寰楁洿浣�銆�

銆€銆€In order to reduce worry锛� it is necessary to understand the subconscious psychological 鈥減ayoffs鈥� for choosing to worry in the first place.

銆€銆€it 鐐哄舰寮忎富瑾�锛� to +鈥︾偤鐪熸涓昏獮

銆€銆€璀細鐐轰簡娓涘皯鎿�(d膩n)蹇冿紝棣栧厛锛岃寰炲績鐞嗗(xu茅)涓婂紕鏄庣櫧锛屼簨浜嬮兘鎿�(d膩n)蹇冭捣渚�锛屾渻鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熶粈涔堟剰鎯充笉鍒扮殑鍚庢灉銆�

銆€銆€鈥淚 can't do a thing. I'm too worried about 鈥︹€� This is a common lament锛� and one with a payoff that keeps you standing still and avoiding the risk of action. Clearly锛� it is easier锛� if less rewarding锛� to worry than to be an active锛� involved person.

銆€銆€璀細鈥滄垜浠€涔堜簨閮芥矑蹇冩€濆共锛屾垜绺芥槸闈炲父鎿�(d膩n)蹇冣€︹€﹀父鑱藉埌鏈変汉閫欐ǎ鍝€鍢�锛岃€岄€欑ó鍝€鍢嗙殑鍚庢灉灏辨槸浣犲憜鍛嗗湴绔欏湪閭ｉ噷锛屾牴鏈笉閲囧彇浠讳綍鍐掗毆鎬х殑琛屽嫊銆傚緢鏄庨’锛屽拰绌嶆サ閲囧彇琛屽嫊姣旇純璧蜂締锛屽彧鏄摂(d膩n)蹇冩槸姣旇純瀹规槗鍋氬埌鐨�锛屽彧涓嶉亷浜庝簨鐒¤缃蜂簡?锛�?/P>

銆€銆€By worrying about someone else锛� you can label yourself as a caring person. Worry proves that you are a good parent or spouse 锛堚€淚 can't help worrying - it's because I love you.鈥濓級銆� A handsome dividend锛� although lacking in logical锛� healthy thinking.

銆€銆€3.can't help doing 鎯呬笉鑷鍦�

銆€銆€handsome a. 鐩哥暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)?/P>

銆€銆€璀細鏇垮垾浜烘摂(d膩n)蹇冿紝浣犲彲浠ユ(bi膩o)鍌嶈嚜宸辨槸鍊嬮棞(gu膩n)蹇冧粬浜虹殑浜�銆備綘鎿�(d膩n)蹇冧簡锛岄€欏氨鍙互璀夋槑浣犳槸浣嶅ソ瀹堕暦鎴栬€呭ソ閰嶅伓銆傦紙鎴戜笉鑳戒笉鎿�(d膩n)蹇冣€曗€曞彧鏄洜鐐烘垜鎰涗綘銆傦級閫欒┍璁撲汉鑱戒簡鍙湡濂藉搰锛岀洝绠￠€欓鎯虫硶缂轰箯閭忚集鎬�锛屼篃绔欎笉浣忚叧銆�

銆€銆€If you weigh too much锛� you may eat more when you worry锛� hence锛� you have a good reason for hanging on to the worry behavior.

銆€銆€璀細濡傛灉浣犺韩楂旇偉鑳�锛岄偅涔堜綘蹇冩儏涓嶅ソ鐨勬檪鍊�锛屼綘鍙兘鍚冨緱鏇村锛涙墍浠�锛屼綘鏈夊厖瓒崇殑鐞嗙敱澶氬悆锛屽洜鐐轰綘鑰佹槸蹇冩儏涓嶅ソ鍢�锛�

銆€銆€Similarly锛� you may find yourself smoking more in troublesome situations锛� and can use the worry to avoid giving up smoking.

銆€銆€4.Avoid + doing 閫冮伩

銆€銆€璀細鍚屾ǎ閬撶悊锛屽湪浣犲績鎯呬笉濂界殑鎯呮硜涓嬶紝浣犲緢鍙兘涓嶇煡涓嶈鍦扮櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)浣犵殑鐓欐娊寰楁洿澶氫簡锛屼綘鐢ㄥ績鎯呬笉濂戒綔绫嶅彛锛屼笉鍘绘垝鐓�銆�

銆€銆€The same neurotic reward system also applies to health. It may be easier for you to worry about chest pains than to risk finding out the truth锛� and then having to deal directly with yourself.

銆€銆€璀細閫欑ó寰炲績鐞嗕笂鎵惧€嬬睄鍙ｇ殑杈︽硶涔熼仼鐢ㄤ簬浜虹殑鍋ュ悍鐙€娉�銆傚鏋滀綘鑳哥棝锛屼綘鍙槸鎿�(d膩n)蹇冩湁鐥�锛岄€欒姣斿啋闅幓妾㈡煡鍑虹湡瀵︽儏娉佸埌搴曟湁鐥呮矑鐥�锛岀劧鍚庣洿鎺ュ幓閱�(y墨)闄㈣檿缃兏鐥�锛岃瀹规槗寰楀銆�

銆€銆€Worry can bring a lot of diseases such as tension headaches and backaches. While these may not seem to be payoffs锛� they do result in considerable attention from others and justify much self-pity as well. And some people would rather be pitied than fulfilled.

銆€銆€璀細鎲傚績蹇″俊鍙皫(d菐o)鑷村緢澶氱柧鐥�锛屼緥濡傦紝鎯呯窉绶婂嫉鎬ч牠鐥涙垨鑴婅儗鐥�銆傜洝绠′汉鍊戝彲鑳借寰楅€欎簺鐥呯櫏骞朵笉鏄€滄摂(d膩n)蹇冣€濇墍閫犳垚鐨勫悗鏋�锛屼絾鏄湁浜嗛€欎簺鐥呯⒑瀵﹁兘寮曡捣浠栦汉鐨勯棞(gu膩n)娉�锛屼篃鑳界偤鑷垜鎲愭啱鎵惧埌鐞嗙敱銆傝€屾湁浜涗汉瀵ц偗琚汉鎲愭啱涔熶笉鎰挎尟浣滆捣渚嗗幓鍏呭垎鐧�(f膩)鎻嚜宸辩殑鎵嶈兘銆�

銆€銆€5.would rather 鈥han 鈥︺€� 瀵ф効鈥︿篃涓嶆効鎰忊€�

銆€銆€Now that you understand the psychological support system for neurotic worry锛� you can begin to devise some measures for reducing the number of troublesome worry bugs that breed in this erroneous zone.

銆€銆€6.now that 鏃㈢劧 = since

銆€銆€璀細鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ棦鐒朵綘寰炲績鐞嗗(xu茅)鐞嗚珫楂旂郴涓婂凡缍�(j墨ng)鏄庣櫧浜�锛屸€滄摂(d膩n)蹇冣€濆叿鏈夌缍�(j墨ng)閬庢晱鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)锛岄偅涔堜綘灏卞彲浠ラ枊濮嬮噰鍙栦竴浜涙帾鏂藉幓娓涘皯鍦ㄢ€滄摂(d膩n)蹇冣€濋€欏€嬭鍗€(q奴)涓敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑浠や汉鐓╂儽鐨勨€滄摂(d膩n)蹇冭煵鈥濈殑鏁�(sh霉)閲忎簡銆�

銆€銆€Begin to view your present moments as times to live锛� rather than times to worry about the future. When you catch yourself worrying锛� ask yourself锛� 鈥淲hat am I avoiding now by using up this moment with worry锛熲€� Then begin to attack whatever it is you're avoiding.

銆€銆€7.view 鈥s = see 鈥︹€s 鎶娾€︹€︾湅浣�

銆€銆€use up锛氱敤鐩�

銆€銆€8.attack 锛� resolve 瑙ｆ焙

銆€銆€璀細棣笂闁嬪鍚�锛佹妸浣犵従(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑鏅傚埢鐪嬫垚鏄噳(y墨ng)瑭插ソ濂藉湴鐢熸椿鐨勬檪闁擄紝鑰屼笉瑕佺湅鎴愭槸鐢ㄤ締鐐轰簡鏈締鑰屾唫蹇冨俊蹇℃摂(d膩n)蹇冧笉宸茬殑鏅傞枔銆傛瘡鐣�(d膩ng)浣犵獊鐒剁櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)浣犲張鍦ㄦ唫蹇冨俊蹇¤捣渚�锛屼綘涓嶅Θ鎹績鑷晱锛氣€滄垜鎶婇€欎竴鏅傚厜鑰楄不鍦ㄤ笉蹇呰鐨勬摂(d膩n)蹇冧笂闈�锛屾垜鍦ㄥ洖閬夸粈涔堬紵鈥濋偅涔堝氨闁嬪鍕曟墜鍘昏В姹轰綘鎵€鍥為伩鐨勫晱椤屽惂銆�

銆€銆€A friend of mine spent a week on an island off the Connecticut coast. She enjoys taking long walks锛� but soon discovered that there were a number of dogs on the island which were allowed to run free.

銆€銆€璀細鎴戠殑涓€浣嶆湅鍙�锛岄洟闁嬩簡搴锋秴鐙勬牸娴峰哺鍘讳竴鍊嬪扯涓婂害閬庝簡涓€鍛ㄣ€傚ス鍠滄闀锋檪闁撳湪澶栭潰鏁ｆ锛屼笉閬庝笉涔呭ス灏辩櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)閭ｅ扯涓婃湁鐐烘暩(sh霉)寰堝鐨勭嫍锛屼汉鍊戣畵閫欎簺鐙楀埌铏曚簜璺戙€�

銆€銆€She decided to fight her worry that they might attack her. She carried a rock in her hand and resolved to show no fear as the dogs came running toward her. Seeing someone who refused to back down锛� they turned and ran away.

銆€銆€resolve to do = decide to do 姹哄畾骞测€︺€�

銆€銆€= determine to do 姹哄績鈥�

銆€銆€璀細濂规焙蹇冩埌(zh脿n)鍕濇摂(d膩n)蹇冮偅浜涚嫍鏈夊彲鑳借ゲ鎿婂ス鐨勯€欑ó鎭愭嚰蹇冪悊銆傚ス鎵嬮噷鏀ヨ憲涓€濉婄煶闋�锛屾焙蹇冭〃绀哄嚭锛屽鏋滈€欑兢鐙楁湞钁楀ス璺戜締濂规牴鏈笉瀹虫€�銆傞€欑兢鐙楀洜鐐鸿鍒颁簡閫欎綅涓嶅悗閫€涓嶈畵姝ョ殑浜�锛屽氨鎺夎綁(zhu菐n)闋窇鎺変簡銆�

銆€銆€While I am not encouraging dangerous behavior锛� I do believe that a sensibly effective challenge to worry is the most productive way to minimize its role in your life.

銆€銆€鈥渢o minimize its role in your life鈥� 浣� 鈥渨ay鈥� 鐨勫悗缃畾瑾�

銆€銆€璀細鐩＄鎴戝苟涓嶉紦鍕靛啋闅殑琛岀偤锛屼絾鎴戠⒑淇�锛岄噰鐢ㄥ垏鍚堝闅涚殑鏈夋晥鐨勬柟娉曚締鍚戔€滄摂(d膩n)蹇冪殑蹇冩厠(t脿i)鈥濇寫鎴�(zh脿n)锛岄€欐槸鍦ㄤ綘鐨勭敓娲荤暥(d膩ng)涓�锛屾笡灏戔€滄摂(d膩n)蹇冪殑蹇冩厠(t脿i)鈥濇墍璧风殑浣滅敤鐨勬渶鏈夋晥鐨勮睛娉曘€�

銆€銆€Ask yourself over and over锛� 鈥淲ill the future change as a result of my worrying about it锛熲€� Try to remember how many of the things you once worried about never become real at all.

銆€銆€over and over锛� again and again adv.鍐嶄笁鍦�锛� 鍙嶅京(f霉)鍦�

銆€銆€as a result of 浣滅偤鈥︾殑绲�(ji茅)鏋�

銆€銆€鈥渕y worrying about it鈥� 鏄湁閭忚集涓昏獮鐨勫嫊鍚嶈

銆€銆€鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鍕曞悕瑭為倧杓富瑾炵殑渚嬪瓙锛欴o you mind my smoking here锛�

銆€銆€never 鈥� at all 锛� no/not 鈥� at all 鏍规湰涓嶁€�銆�

銆€銆€璀細璜嬩綘鍙嶅京(f霉)鍦版崼蹇冭嚜鍟忥細鈥滄垜鐨勬摂(d膩n)蹇冩渻浣挎湭渚嗘湁鎵€鏀硅畩鍡庯紵鈥濆垏瑷橈細浣犻亷鍘绘浘缍�(j墨ng)涓€搴︾偤涔嬫摂(d膩n)蹇冪殑濂藉鎯呮硜锛屾牴鏈矑鏈夌湡鐨勭櫦(f膩)鐢熼亷銆�

銆€銆€Also ask yourself锛� 鈥淲hat's the worst thing that could happen to me 锛坥r them锛夛紝 and what is the likelihood of it occurring锛熲€� You'll discover the absurdity of most worries in this way.

銆€銆€璀細鍐嶅晱鍟忎綘鑷繁锛氣€滄垜鑳界櫦(f膩)鐢熶粈涔堟渶澹炵殑浜嬫儏锛熼€欑ó鏈€澹炵殑浜嬫儏鐧�(f膩)鐢熺殑鍙兘鎬уぇ灏忓浣�锛熲€濋€欐ǎ锛屼綘灏辨渻鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)绲曞ぇ澶氭暩(sh霉)涓嶅繀瑕佺殑鎿�(d膩n)蹇冮兘鏄崚鍞愬彲绗戠殑銆�

銆€銆€Act in direct conflict with your usual areas of worry. If you compulsively save for the future锛� use some money for your own enjoyment today. Enjoy life锛� don't waste the present with immobilizing thoughts about the future.

銆€銆€immobilizing 锛� 鍥哄畾涓嶅嫊鐨�

銆€銆€璀細琛屽嫊璧蜂締鍚�锛佺洿鎺ュ幓鎶靛埗锛屼笉鍐嶅幓鎿�(d膩n)蹇冧綘閫氬父鎵€鎿�(d膩n)蹇冪殑鍟忛銆傚鏋滀綘寮疯揩鑷繁鐐烘湭渚嗗瓨閷�锛岄偅灏辨妸涓€閮ㄥ垎閷㈡嬁鍑轰締浠婂ぉ浜敤鍚э紒浜彈鐢熸椿鍚�锛佷笉瑕佹氮璨荤従(xi脿n)鏈夌殑涓€鍒囧幓闋戝浐鍦扮偤鏈締钁楁兂鍚с€�

銆€銆€These are some techniques for minimizing worry in your life. But the most effective weapon you have is your own determination to drive this neurotic behavior away from your life.

銆€銆€to drive this neurotic behavior away from your life锛氱偤鈥渄etermination鈥濈殑鍚庣疆瀹氳獮

銆€銆€璀細閫欎竴鍒囧氨鏄妸浣犵敓娲讳腑鐨勬摂(d膩n)蹇冮檷浣庡埌鏈€灏忕▼搴︾殑杈︽硶銆備絾鏄綘鎵€鎿佹湁鐨勬渶鏈夋晥鐨勬鍣ㄥ氨鏄妸閫欑ó绁炵稉(j墨ng)閬庢晱鐨勬摂(d膩n)蹇冨緸浣犵殑鐢熸椿涓稌鍑哄幓鐨勬焙蹇�銆�

?2011骞�7鏈堣嚜瀛�(xu茅)鑰冭│鎴愮妇鏌ヨ鏅傞枔鍙婃柟寮忓尟绺�

?2011骞翠笅鍗婂勾鍚勫湴鑷(xu茅)鑰冭│鍫卞悕鍖附

鏇村淇℃伅璜嬭í鍟忥細鑷(xu茅)鑰冭│闋婚亾    鑷(xu茅)鑰冭│璜栧    鑷(xu茅)鑰冭│鍗氬