銆€銆€绗叚绔� 鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴繚璀�

銆€銆€鏈珷涓嶆槸閲嶉粸绔犵瘈(ji茅)锛屼富瑕佸収瀹瑰寘鎷暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴繚璀风殑鍥涚ó鎺柦锛屾暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴殑鎭㈠京銆佸苟鐧�(f膩)鎺у埗銆佸畬鏁存€у拰瀹夊叏鎬с€備簡瑙ｉ€欎簺鍏у鍙婂叾鍦⊿QL瑾炶█涓殑瀵︾従(xi脿n)鏂瑰紡銆�

銆€銆€涓€銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴殑鎭㈠京( 闋樻渻 )

銆€銆€1銆� 浜嬪嫏鐨勬蹇� 锛� 浜嬪嫏鏄竴鍊嬫搷浣滃簭鍒� .閫欎簺鎿嶄綔瑕佷箞浠€涔堥兘鍋氾紝瑕佷箞閮戒笉鍋�锛屾槸涓€鍊� 涓嶅彲鍒嗗壊 鐨勫伐浣滃柈浣�銆備簨鍕欎互BEGIN TRANSACTION瑾炲彞闁嬪锛屼互COMMIT(鎻愪氦)瑾炲彞鎴朢OLLBACK(鍥為€€鎴栨挙娑�)瑾炲彞绲愭潫銆�

銆€銆€涓€鍊嬬▼搴忕殑鍩�(zh铆)琛屽彲閫氶亷鑻ュ共浜嬪嫏鐨勫煼(zh铆)琛屽簭鍒椾締瀹屾垚銆�

銆€銆€2銆� 浜嬪嫏鐨勬€ц唱 锛� 鍘熷瓙鎬� (atomicity)銆� 涓€鑷存€� (consistency)銆� 闅旈洟鎬� (isolation)鍜� 鎸佷箙鎬� (durability)銆傜ū鐐轰簨鍕欑殑ACID鎬ц唱銆�

銆€銆€閫氶亷鏁欐潗鐨勪緥瀛愪締鐞嗚В浜嬪嫏鐨勬€ц唱 .

銆€銆€3銆佹晠闅滈鍨嬪拰鎭㈠京鏂规硶

銆€銆€4銆佹仮寰╃殑鍩烘湰鍘熷墖鍜屽鐝�(xi脿n)鏂规硶

銆€銆€鎭㈠京鐨勫熀鏈師鍓� 寰堢啊鍠�锛屽氨鏄€� 鍐椾綑 鈥�锛屽嵆鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勯噸寰╁瓨鍎� .

銆€銆€瀵︾従(xi脿n)鏂规硶鏈夛細

銆€銆€(1)瀹氭湡灏嶆暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴€茶 寰╁埗 鎴栬綁鍎�(dump)銆傛敞鎰忓咕鍊嬫蹇碉細闈滄厠(t脿i)杞夊劜銆佸嫊鎱�(t脿i)杞夊劜銆佹捣閲忚綁鍎插拰澧為噺杞夊劜銆�

銆€銆€(2)寤虹珛鈥� 鏃ュ織 鈥濇枃浠躲€�

銆€銆€(3) 鎭㈠京 .鐧�(f膩)鐢熸晠闅滄檪鏈夊叐绋檿鐞嗘柟娉�锛屽鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴凡鐮村锛屽墖鐢盌BA瑁濆叆鏈€杩戝倷浠界殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴劧鍚庡埄鐢ㄢ€滄棩蹇楁枃浠垛€濆煼(zh铆)琛孯EDO(閲嶅仛)鎿嶄綔銆傚鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴湭琚悕澹�锛屼絾鏌愪簺鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)涓嶅彲闈狅紝鍓囩郴绲�(t菕ng)鏈冭嚜鍕曞煼(zh铆)琛孶NDO鎿嶄綔鎭㈠京鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)銆�

銆€銆€5銆� 閬嬭瑷橀寗鍎�(y艒u)鍏堝師鍓� (鍗� 鍏堣閷�锛屽啀鏇存柊锛屽厛瑷樺畬锛屽啀绲愭潫 )

銆€銆€(1)鑷冲皯瑕佺瓑鐩告噳鐨勯亱琛岃閷勫凡缍撳鍏モ€滄棩蹇椻€濇枃浠跺悗锛屾墠鑳藉厑瑷变簨鍕欏線鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴湪瀵暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)銆�

銆€銆€(2)鐩村埌浜嬪嫏鐨勬墍鏈夐亱琛岃閷勯兘宸插鍏ラ亱琛屸€滄棩蹇椻€濇枃浠跺悗锛屾墠鑳藉厑瑷变簨鍕欏畬鎴愨€淓ND TRANSACTION鈥濊檿鐞�銆�

銆€銆€6銆丼QL涓殑鎭㈠京鎿嶄綔锛屽彲涓婃瑙€瀵�銆�

銆€銆€浜�銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴殑骞剁櫦(f膩)鎺у埗( 闋樻渻 )

銆€銆€1銆佸苟鐧�(f膩)鎺у埗甯朵締鐨勪笁椤炲晱椤岋細

銆€銆€(1)涓熷け鏇存柊鐨勫晱椤�

銆€銆€(2)涓嶄竴鑷村垎鏋愬晱椤�

銆€銆€(3)鈥滆嚐鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鈥濈殑璁€鍑�銆�(鍦ㄦ暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴妧琛撲腑锛屾湭鎻愪氦鐨勯毃鍚庡張琚挙娑堢殑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐐衡€滆嚐鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鈥濄€�)

銆€銆€2銆佺偤瑙ｆ焙骞剁櫦(f膩)鎺у埗甯朵締鐨勫晱椤�锛岄€氬父瑕侀噰鐢� 灏侀帠 (locking)鎶€琛�锛屽父鐢ㄧ殑灏侀帠鏈夛細鎺掑畠鍨嬪皝閹�( X灏侀帠) 鍜屽叡浜瀷灏侀帠( S灏侀帠 )鍏╃ó銆�

銆€銆€X灏侀帠鐨勮(gu墨)鍓囩ū鐐� PX鍗�(xi茅)璀� 锛屽叾鍏у鐐猴細浠讳綍浼佸湒鏇存柊瑷橀寗R鐨勪簨鍕欏繀闋堝厛鍩�(zh铆)琛孡OCK X(R)鎿嶄綔锛屼互鐛插緱灏嶈┎瑷橀寗閫茶灏嬪潃鐨勮兘鍔�锛屽苟灏嶅畠鍙栧緱X灏侀帠銆傚鏋滄湭鐛插緱X灏侀帠锛岄偅涔堥€欏€嬩簨鍕欓€插叆绛夊緟鐙€鎱�(t脿i)锛屼竴鐩村埌鐛叉簴X灏侀帠锛屼簨鍕欑辜绾�(x霉)閫茶銆�

銆€銆€绨¤鐐猴細 鍏堥帠X锛屽啀鍩�(zh铆)琛�锛屽彇涓嶅埌锛屽氨绛夊緟銆�

銆€銆€PXC鍗�(xi茅)璀� 锛氬畠鐢盤X鍗�(xi茅)璀板強涓€姊濊(gu墨)鍓団€淴灏侀帠蹇呴爤淇濈暀鍒� 浜嬪嫏绲傞粸 (COMMIT鎴朢OLLBACK)鈥濈祫鎴�銆�

銆€銆€S灏侀帠鐨勮(gu墨)鍓囩ū鐐� PS鍗�(xi茅)璀� 锛氬叾鍏у鐐猴細浠讳綍瑕佹洿鏂拌閷凴鐨勪簨鍕欏繀闋堝厛鍩�(zh铆)琛孡OCK S(R)鎿嶄綔锛屼互鐛插緱灏嶈┎瑷橀寗灏嬪潃鐨勮兘鍔涘苟灏嶅畠鍙栧緱S灏侀帠銆傚鏋滄湭鐛叉簴S灏侀帠锛岄偅涔堥€欏€嬩簨鍕欓€插叆绛夊緟鐙€鎱�(t脿i)锛屼竴鐩村埌鐛叉簴S灏侀帠锛屼簨鍕欐墠绻肩簩(x霉)閫茶涓嬪幓銆傜暥浜嬪嫏鐛叉簴灏嶈閷凴鐨勮灏侀帠鍚�锛屽湪瑷橀寗R淇敼鍓嶅繀闋堟妸S灏侀帠鍗囩礆鐐篨灏侀帠銆�

銆€銆€绨¤鐐猴細 鍏堥帠S锛屽啀鍩�(zh铆)琛岋紝閹栦笉鍒�锛屽氨绛夊緟锛岃嫢瑕佷慨鏀瑰墖鍗嘪 .

銆€銆€PSC鍗�(xi茅)璀帮細鐢盤S鍗�(xi茅)璀板拰鈥滃皣S灏侀帠淇濇寔鍒颁簨鍕欑祩榛炩€濈祫鎴�銆�

銆€銆€3銆� 娲婚帠 锛氭槸鎸囨煇鍊嬩簨鍕欐案閬犺檿浜庣瓑寰呯媭鎱�(t脿i)锛屽緱涓嶅埌鍩�(zh铆)琛岀殑鐝�(xi脿n)璞�銆傞伩鍏嶆椿閹栫殑鏂规硶鏄噰鐢ㄢ€滃厛渚嗗厛鏈嶅嫏鈥濈瓥鐣ャ€�

銆€銆€姝婚帠 锛氭湁鍏╁€嬫垨浠ヤ笂鐨勪簨鍕欒檿浜庣瓑寰呯媭鎱�(t脿i)锛屾瘡鍊嬩簨鍕欓兘鍦ㄧ瓑寰呭彟涓€鍊嬩簨鍕欒В闄ゅ皝閹栵紝瀹冩墠鑳界辜绾�(x霉)鍩�(zh铆)琛屼笅鍘�锛岀祼鏋滀换浣曚竴鍊嬩簨鍕欓兘鐒℃硶鍩�(zh铆)琛岋紝閫欑ó鐝�(xi脿n)璞″氨鏄閹�銆�

銆€銆€瑙ｉ櫎姝婚帠鐨勬柟娉曟槸鐢盌BMS涓殑鈥滄閹栨脯瑭︾▼搴忊€濅締妾㈡煡锛屽鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)姝婚帠鍓囩姧鐗蹭竴鍊嬩簨鍕�锛屽苟鍋氬洖閫€鎿嶄綔锛岃В闄ゅ畠鐨勬墍鏈夊皝閹�銆�

銆€銆€4銆� 鍏╂灏侀帠娉� ( 璀樿 )

銆€銆€鍏╂灏侀帠鍗�(xi茅)璀拌(gu墨)瀹氭墍鏈変簨鍕欓兘瑕侀伒瀹堜笅鍒楄(gu墨)鍓囷細(1)鍦ㄥ皪浠讳綍鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫茶璁€瀵搷浣滀箣鍓嶏紝浜嬪嫏棣栧厛瑕佺嵅寰楀皪瑭叉暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勫皝閹�;(2)鍦ㄩ噵鏀句竴鍊嬪皝閹栦箣鍚�锛屼簨鍕欎笉鍐嶇嵅寰椾换浣曞叾浠栧皝閹栥€�

銆€銆€閲濆皪瑾叉湰鐨勪緥瀛愪締鐞嗚В銆�

銆€銆€涓�銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴殑瀹屾暣鎬�( 闋樻渻 )

銆€銆€1銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴殑 瀹屾暣鎬� 鏄寚鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨� 姝ｇ⒑鎬у拰鐩稿鎬� .鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴腑鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐧�(f膩)鐢熼尟瑾�锛屽線寰€鏄敱闈炴硶鏇存柊寮曡捣鐨勩€�

銆€銆€鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴畬鏁存€ф槸閫氶亷DBMS鐨� 瀹屾暣鎬у瓙绯荤当(t菕ng) 瀵︾従(xi脿n)鐨�锛屽畠鏈夊叐鍊嬪姛鑳斤細

銆€銆€(1)鐩�(ji膩n)鐫ｄ簨鍕欑殑鍩�(zh铆)琛岋紝骞舵脯瑭︽槸鍚﹂仌鍙嶅畬鏁存€ц(gu墨)鍓�銆�

銆€銆€(2)濡傛湁閬曞弽锛屽墖閲囧彇鎭扮暥?sh霉)鐗熷儺?锛屽鎷掔禃銆佸牨鍛婇仌鍙嶆儏娉侊紝鏀规閷绛夋柟娉曢€茶铏曠悊銆�

銆€銆€鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴畬鏁存€у瓙绯荤当(t菕ng) 鏄牴鎿�(j霉)鈥� 瀹屾暣鎬ц(gu墨)鍓囬泦 鈥� 宸ヤ綔鐨�锛岄€欎簺瀹屾暣鎬ц(gu墨)鍓囧寘鎷細 鍩� 瀹屾暣鎬ц(gu墨)鍓�銆� 鍩熻伅(li谩n)绯� 鐨勮(gu墨)鍓�銆� 闂滅郴瀹屾暣鎬� 瑕�(gu墨)鍓�(涓€鍊嬫瘮涓€鍊嬪ぇ)

銆€銆€2銆丼QL涓殑瀹屾暣鎬х磩鏉�

銆€銆€鍦⊿QL涓�锛岃〃閬斿畬鏁存€х磩鏉熺殑瑕�(gu墨)鍓囨湁 涓婚嵉绱勬潫 銆� 澶栭嵉绱勬潫 銆� 灞€у€肩磩鏉� 鍜� 鍏ㄥ眬绱勬潫绛� 澶氱ó褰㈠紡銆�

銆€銆€涓婚嵉绱勬潫锛氬彲鐢ㄤ富閸靛瓙鍙ユ垨涓婚嵉鐭獮 PRIMARY KEY 渚嗗畾缇�銆�

銆€銆€澶栭嵉绱勬潫锛氬彲鐢ㄥ閸靛瓙鍙ヤ締瀹氱京濡� FOREIGN KEY (S#) REFERNCE S(S#)

銆€銆€灞€у€肩磩鏉燂細鍖呮嫭闈炵┖鍊肩磩鏉�( NOT NULL )鍜屽熀浜庡爆鎬х殑妾㈡煡瀛愬彞( CHECK ) 鍙婂煙绱勬潫瀛愬彞 濡� CREAT DOMAIN AGE SMALLINT CHECK (value>10)

銆€銆€鍏ㄥ眬绱勬潫锛氬寘鎷熀浜庡厓绲勭殑妾㈡煡瀛愬彞( CHECK )鍜屾柗瑷€( CREATE ASSERTION 鏂疯█鍚� CHECK 姊濅欢)銆�

銆€銆€鍥�銆佹暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴殑瀹夊叏鎬�( 璀樿 )

銆€銆€鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴殑瀹夊叏鎬ф槸鎸囦繚璀锋暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴槻姝笉鍚堟硶鐨勪娇鐢�锛屼互鍏嶆暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勬硠婕忋€侀潪娉曟洿鏀瑰拰鐮村銆�

銆€銆€1銆佸畨鍏ㄦ€х礆鍒ワ細鍖呮嫭 鐠�(hu谩n)澧冪礆 銆� 鑱峰摗绱� 銆� OS绱� 銆� 缍茬怠绱� 鍜� 鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴郴绲�(t菕ng)绱� .

銆€銆€2銆佺敤鎴舵垨鎳夌敤绋嬪簭 浣跨敤鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴殑鏂瑰紡绋辩偤娆婇檺 锛屾瑠闄愮殑绋锛�

銆€銆€瑷晱鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)娆婇檺锛� 璁€銆佹彃鍏�銆佷慨鏀广€佸埅闄� 鍥涚ó

銆€銆€淇敼鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)搴ā寮忔瑠闄愶細 绱㈠紩 (鍓�(chu脿ng)寤烘垨鍒櫎绱㈠紩)銆� 璩囨簮 (鍓�(chu脿ng)寤烘柊闂滅郴)銆� 淇敼 (澧炲埅闂滅郴绲愭灞€�)鍜� 鎾ゆ秷娆婇檺 (鎾ゆ秷闂滅郴)

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