銆€銆€琛�(w猫i)鐢熼-闁辫畝鐞嗚В銆€銆€銆€銆€

Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay

銆€銆€Staying positive2 through the cold season could be your best defense against getting ill锛宯ew study findings suggest. In an experiment that.exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus3, researchers found that people with a generally sunny disposition4 were less likely to fall ill.

銆€銆€The findings, published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, build on evidence that a "positive emotional style鈥�5 can help ward off the common cold and other illnesses. Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective as in happiness boosting immune function and subjective as in happy people being less troubled by a scratchy throat6 or runny nose.

銆€銆€"People with a positive emotional style may have different immune responses to the virus锛�锛屸€� explained lead study author Dr Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. 鈥� And when they do get a cold, they may interpret their illness as being less severe. 鈥�

銆€銆€Cohen and his colleagues had found in a previous study that happier people seemed less Susceptible to7 catching a cold, but some questions remained as to8 whether the emotional trait itself had the effect.

銆€銆€For the new study, the researchers had 193 healthy adults complete standard measures of personality traits, self-perceived health and emotional "style". Those who tended to be happy, energetic and easy-going were judged as having a positive emotional style, while those who were often unhappy锛宼ense and hostile had a negative style.

銆€銆€The researchers gave them nasal drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus. Over the next six days锛宼he volunteers reported on any aches锛宲ains锛宻neezing or congestion they had, while the researchers collected objective data, like daily mucus production. Cohen and his colleagues found that based on objective measures of nasal woes, happy people were less likely to develop a cold.

銆€銆€瑭炲尟锛�

銆€銆€bay 绲曞锛岀閫旀湯璺� catch 鎰熸煋鍒�

銆€銆€flu 娴佽鎬ф劅鍐� trait 鐗硅唱;鐗瑰緛

銆€銆€virus 鐥呮瘨 perceive 鐧�(f膩)瑕猴紝瑕哄療;鐞嗚В

銆€銆€disposition 鏈€�锛屾€ф儏 energetic 绮惧姏鍏呮矝鐨�锛岀簿绁為＝婊跨殑

銆€銆€psychosomatic 蹇冭韩鐨�锛岃韩蹇冪殑 easy-going 闅ㄥ拰鐨�

銆€銆€boost 鎻愰珮锛岃垑璧� tense 绶婂嫉鐨�

銆€銆€scratchy 鍒虹棝鐨勶紝浣夸汉鐧�(f膩)鐧㈢殑 hostile 鏁垫剰鐨�

銆€銆€nasal 榧荤殑 runny 娴侀粡娑茬殑 ache 鐤肩棝锛岄吀鐥�

銆€銆€Pittsburgh 鍖硅尣鍫� sneeze 鎵撳櫞鍤�

銆€銆€congestion 鍏呰 colleague 鍚屼簨 mucus 榛忔恫

銆€銆€susceptible 鏄撴劅鐨�锛屾晱鎰熺殑 woe 鐥涜嫤锛岃嫤鎯�;鐏介洠锛岃嫤闋�

銆€銆€娉ㄩ噵锛�

銆€銆€1.Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay:鎯呯窉妯傝鐨勪汉涓嶆槗鎮ｆ劅鍐�銆倃arm people 鍘熸剰鏄� 鈥滅啽蹇冭吀鐨勪汉锛屾儏绶掗珮鏄傜殑浜衡€� ,keep/hold.. at bay鏄€滀娇鈥︹€﹁蛋鎶曠劇璺�锛屼笉浣库€︹€︽帴杩戔€濈殑鎰� 鎬�锛屽洜姝ゆ湰椤岀洰濡傛灉鐩磋鍓囨槸鈥滄儏绶掗珮鏄傜殑浜哄彲鑳借畵鎰熷啋涓嶈兘寰楅€炩€濇垨鈥滄儏绶掗珮鏄傜殑浜哄彲鑳� 閬犻洟鎰熷啋鈥濇垨鈥滄儏绶掗珮鏄傜殑浜哄彲鑳芥嫆鎰熷啋浜庡崈閲屼箣澶栤€�銆�

銆€銆€2.staying positive:淇濇寔绌嶆サ鍚戜笂(鐨勬儏绶�)

銆€銆€3.exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus:浣垮仴搴风殑蹇楁効鑰呮帴瑙告劅鍐�(鐥呮瘨)鎴栨祦鎰熺梾 姣�銆俥xpose鍘熸剰鏄€滀娇鏆撮湶锛屼娇闈㈣嚚鈥濓紝閫欓噷expose sb. to sth.鏄€滀娇鈥︹€︽帴瑙糕€︹€︹€濈殑鎰忔€濄€�

銆€銆€4.sunny disposition:妯傝闁嬫湕鐨勫€嬫€�

銆€銆€5.positive emotional style:妯傝鎯呯窉鍨�锛屾儏绶掔⿳妤靛瀷

銆€銆€6.scratchy throat 锛氬棑瀛愮棝

銆€銆€7.susceptible to:灏嶁€︹€︽晱鎰熺殑锛屽鏄撳彈鍒扳€︹€﹀奖闊跨殑

銆€銆€8.as to:闂滀簬锛岃嚦浜�

銆€銆€绶寸繏锛�

銆€銆€1. According to a study author, when people with a positive emotional style do get a cold, they may think

銆€銆€A that their illness is very serious.

銆€銆€B that their illness is not so serious.

銆€銆€C that they do not get any illness at all.

銆€銆€D that the illness they get is not a mild one.

銆€銆€2.People with a positive emotional style may have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

銆€銆€A happy.

銆€銆€B selfish.

銆€銆€C easy-going.

銆€銆€D energetic.

銆€銆€3.Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics that people with a negative emotional style may have?

銆€銆€A Hostile.

銆€銆€B Unhappy.

銆€銆€C Warm-blooded.

銆€銆€D Tense.

銆€銆€4. How did the researchers test their volunteers?

銆€銆€A By giving everyone nasal drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus.

銆€銆€B By giving everyone a medicine that help lessen the probability of catching cold.

銆€銆€C By giving everyone an injection boosting immune function.

銆€銆€D By investigating everyone's characteristics, interests and hobbies.

銆€銆€5.Which of the following items is NOT included in the data that the researchers collected?

銆€銆€A Mucus production.

銆€銆€B Aches and pains.

銆€銆€C Sneezing or congestion.

銆€銆€D Blood test.

銆€銆€绛旀鑸囬瑙ｏ細

銆€銆€1.B鏈绛旀渚嗚嚜绗笁娈碉紝鍏朵腑绗簩鍙ヨ:鈥滅暥浠栧€戠殑纰烘偅鎰熷啋鏅�锛屼粬鍊戣獚鐐虹梾鎯呭苟涓嶅お鍤撮噸鈥�

銆€銆€2.B 閬搁爡A銆丆銆丏鍦ㄧ浜旀绗簩鍙ュ潎鎻愬埌锛屽彧鏈塀闋呮矑鎻愬埌锛岃€屼笖寰為倧杓帹鐞�锛屾儏绶掓▊瑙€鐨勪汉 绲曚笉鏈冩槸鈥滆嚜绉佽嚜鍒┾€濈殑浜恒€�

銆€銆€3.C閬搁爡A銆丅銆丏涔熷潎鍦ㄧ浜旀绗簩鍙ユ彁鍒�锛岃€孋闋呪€滅啽鎯呮磱婧⑩€濅篃涓嶆噳灞簬鎯呯窉浣庤惤銆佹秷妤� 鐨勪汉鎵€鎳夋湁鐨勬€ф牸鐗瑰緛銆�

銆€銆€4.A绗叚娈电涓€鍙ヨ鐨勫氨鏄€滅爺绌惰€呯郸閫欎簺蹇楁効鑰呬竴浜涘惈鏈夋劅鍐掔梾姣掓垨鏌愮ó娴佹劅鐥呮瘨鐨勬淮榧诲姂鈥濓紝閫欐鏄湰椤岀瓟妗�銆�

銆€銆€5.D閬搁爡A銆丅銆丆鍦ㄧ鍏绗簩鍙ュ潎鎻愬埌锛岃€孌闋呭墖涓嶅湪鍏朵腑涔嬪垪銆�

銆€銆€璀枃锛氭▊瑙€鎯呯窉鍔╀綘閬犻洟鎰熷啋

銆€銆€鏈€鏂扮爺绌堕’绀猴紝淇濇寔妯傝绌嶆サ鐨勬儏绶掓槸闋愰槻鎰熷啋鐨勬渶浣抽€斿緫銆備竴闋呬护鍋ュ悍鍙楄│鑰呮帴瑙告劅鍐掔梾姣� 鐨勫椹楄瓑鏄�锛岀⿳妤垫儏绶掗鍨嬬殑鍙楄│鑰呭彈鎰熸煋鐨勫咕鐜囩浉灏嶈純灏�銆�

銆€銆€閫欏€嬪悕鐐衡€滅⿳妤垫儏绶掑彲浠ュ公鍔╅爯闃叉劅鍐掑強鍏朵粬鐤剧梾鈥濈殑鐧�(f膩)鐝捐鍒婄櫥鍦ㄣ€婅韩蹇冮啱(y墨)瀛搞€嬫湡鍒婁笂锛岃€岀┒ 鍏跺師鍥犲墖鍒嗙偤瀹㈣鍜屼富瑙€鍏╂柟闈�銆傚瑙€鍘熷洜鏄⿳妤垫▊瑙€鐨勬儏绶掓湁鍔╀簬澧炲挤鍏嶇柅绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫姛鑳�锛岃€屼富瑙€ 鍘熷洜鍓囨槸锛氬績鎯呭揩妯傜殑浜鸿純灏戝彈鍒板捊鐥涘拰娴侀蓟娑曠殑鍥版摼銆�

銆€銆€渚嗚嚜鍖硅尣鍫″崱鍏у熀?姊呴殕澶у鐨凷heldon Cohen鍗氬＋鏄鐮旂┒鐨勪富瑕佸弮鑸囪€�.,浠栬В閲嬮亾鈥滅⿳妤� 鎯呯窉椤炲瀷鐨勪汉灏嶄簬鐥呮瘨鐨勫厤鐤弽鎳夊彲鑳借純甯镐汉涓嶅悓鈥�锛屸€滆€屼笖鐣舵偅鎰熷啋鏅�,浠栧€戝線寰€涓嶆渻鎶婅嚜宸辩殑鐥� 鎯呮兂璞″緱澶碂绯�銆傗€�

銆€銆€鍦ㄦ鍓嶄竴闋呮洿鏃╃殑鐮旂┒涓�,Cohen鍙婂叾鍚屼簨灏辨浘缍撶櫦(f膩)鐝�锛岀⿳妤垫儏绶掑瀷鐨勪汉灏嶆劅鍐掔梾姣掍技涔庝笉澶� 鏁忔劅锛屼絾鐣舵檪骞朵笉鑳界⒑瀹氬紩璧烽€欑ó鍗€(q奴)鍒ョ殑鏄€ф牸鐗瑰緛鍥犵礌銆�

銆€銆€鍦ㄩ€欐鏂扮殑鐮旂┒瀵﹂涓�锛岀爺绌惰€呭皪193鍚嶅仴搴风殑鍙楄│鑰呴€茶浜嗚(gu墨)鑼冪殑鎬ф牸娓│锛屽寘鎷嚜鎴戣獚鐐� 鐨勫仴搴风▼搴︿互鍙婃儏绶掗鍨嬬瓑銆傚叾涓偅浜涙洿鍌惧悜浜庡績鎯呮剦蹇€佺簿鍔涘厖娌涗笖骞虫槗杩戜汉鐨勫彈瑭﹁€呯偤绌嶆サ鎯� 绶掑瀷锛岃€岄偅浜涚附鏄績鎯呬笉蹇€佺穵寮靛苟灏嶆梺浜哄績瀛樻暤鎰忕殑鍙楄│鑰呭墖灞簬娑堟サ鎯呯窉椤炲瀷銆�

銆€銆€鐮旂┒鑰呯郸姣忎綅鍙楄│鑰呮彁渚涗簡鍚湁鎰熷啋鐥呮瘨鎴栨煇椤炴祦鎰熺梾姣掔殑婊撮蓟娑�锛屽湪鎺ヤ笅渚嗙殑鍏懆閲�锛屾瘡浣� 鍙楄│鑰呮瘡澶╁尟鍫变粬鍊戝悇鑷殑韬珨鍙嶆噳锛屽鐤肩棝銆侀蓟濉�銆佹墦鍣村殢绛�銆傝€岀爺绌惰€呭墖瑕佺当(t菕ng)瑷堝悇绋瑙€鏁告摎锛� 濡傚彈瑭﹁€呮瘡鏃ラ粡娑插垎娉岀墿鍖栭绲愭灉绛�銆傛牴鎿氬椹楃殑涓€浜涘瑙€绲�(t菕ng)瑷堟暩鎿�(濡傞蓟娑曞寲椹楃祼鏋�)锛孋ohen 鍙婂叾鍚屼簨鐧�(f膩)鐝�锛岀⿳妤垫儏绶掗鍨嬬殑浜烘偅鎰熷啋鐨勬鏈冪浉灏嶆洿灏忎竴浜�銆�

銆€銆€2014骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冨墠寰╃繏蹇呰畝鏀荤暐      2014骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€佸斧杓斿皫杓曟澗閫氶棞

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