銆€銆€缍滃悎椤�-闁辫畝鐞嗚В

銆€銆€The Effects of Global Warming on Weather

銆€銆€There are hidden factors which scientists call 鈥渇eedback mechanisms鈥�. No one knows quite how they will interact with the changing climate. Here's one example: plants and animals adapt to climate change over centuries. At the current estimate of half a degree centigrade of warming per decade, vegetation (妞嶇墿) may not keep up. Climatologist James Hansen predicts climate zones will shift toward the poles by 50 to 75 kilometres a year鈥昮aster than trees can naturally migrate. Species that find themselves in an unfamiliar environment will die. The 1000-kilometer-wide strip of forest running through Canada, the USSR and Scandinavia could be cut by half. Millions of dying trees would soon lead to massive forest fires, releasing tons of CO2 and further boosting global warming.

銆€銆€There are dozens of other possible 鈥渇eedback mechanism鈥�. Higher temperatures will fuel condensation and increase cloudiness, which may actually damp down global warming. Others, like the 鈥渁lbedo鈥� effect, will do the opposite. The 鈥渁lbedo鈥� effect is the amount of solar energy reflected by the earth's surface. As northern ice and snow melts and the darker sea and land pokes (鎴�) through, more heat will be absorbed, adding to the global temperature increase.

銆€銆€Even if we were to magically stop all greenhouse-gas emissions tomorrow the impact on global climate would continue for decades. Delay will simply make the problem worse. The fact is that some of us are doing quite well the way things are. In developed world prosperity has been built on 150 years of cheap fossil fuels.

銆€銆€Material progress has been linked to energy consumption. Today 75 percent of all the world's energy is consumed by a quarter of the world's population. The average rich-world resident adds about 3.2 tons of CO2 yearly to the atmosphere, more than four times the level added by each Third World citizen. The US, with just seven per cent of the global population, is responsible for 22 per cent of global warming.

銆€銆€41銆€鈥淔eedback mechanisms鈥� in paragraph 1 most probably refer to ____________.

銆€銆€A銆€how plants and animals adapt to hidden factors

銆€銆€B銆€how plants and animals interact with the changing climate

銆€銆€C銆€how climate changes

銆€銆€D銆€how climate zones shift

銆€銆€42銆€We can learn from the passage that ____________.

銆€銆€A銆€some feedback mechanisms may slow down global warming

銆€銆€B銆€the basic facts of global warming are unknown

銆€銆€C銆€developing countries benefit from cheap fossil fuels

銆€銆€D銆€developed countries have decided to reduce their energy consumption

銆€銆€43銆€James Hansen predicts that the shift of climate zones will be accompanied by ____________.

銆€銆€A銆€the cutting of many trees

銆€銆€B銆€desirable environmental changes

銆€銆€C銆€successful migration of species

銆€銆€D銆€unsuccessful migration of trees

銆€銆€44銆€It can be inferred from the passage that ____________.

銆€銆€A銆€the developing world has decided to increase its energy consumption

銆€銆€B銆€a third-world citizen adds less than a ton of CO2 yearly to the atmosphere

銆€銆€C銆€the world climate would soon gain its balance if we stopped greenhouse gas emissions

銆€銆€D銆€future prosperity of the world is dependent on cheap fossil fuels

銆€銆€45銆€Which of the following is the main topic of the passage? ____________

銆€銆€A銆€Impact of global warming on climate.

銆€銆€B銆€Prosperity and cheap fossil fuels.

銆€銆€C銆€Material progress and energy consumption.

銆€銆€D銆€Plants and animals in the changing climate.

銆€銆€绛旀锛�41銆€B绗竴娈典腑鐨勨€渇eedback mechanisms鈥濈殑鎰忔€濇渶鍙兘鏄細A鍕曟鐗╂槸濡備綍閬╂噳闅辫斀鍥犵礌鐨�;B鍕曟鐗╂槸濡備綍鑸囦笉鏂疯畩鍖栫殑姘ｅ€欑浉浜掍綔鐢ㄧ殑;C姘ｅ€欐槸濡備綍璁婂寲鐨�;D姘ｅ€欏付鏄浣曢伔绉荤殑銆�

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銆€銆€44銆€B寰炴枃绔犲彲浠ユ帹鏂峰嚭锛欰鐧�(f膩)灞曚腑鍦嬪鎵撶畻澧炲姞鑳芥簮鐨勬秷鑰�;B绗笁涓栫晫姣忓勾鍚戝ぇ姘ｅ堡閲嬫斁鐨勪簩姘у寲纰�锛屼汉鍧囦笉瓒呴亷涓€鍣�;C濡傛灉鎴戝€戝仠姝㈡帓鏀惧紩璧锋韩瀹ゆ晥鎳夌殑寤㈡埃锛屽叏鐞冪殑姘ｅ€欏氨鏈冪嵅寰楀钩琛�;D鏈締涓栫晫鐨勭箒姒潬寤夊児鐨勭う鐗╄兘婧�銆�

銆€銆€45銆€A鏈瘒鏂囩珷鐨勪富椤屾槸锛欰鍏ㄧ悆璁婃殩绲︽埃鍊欏付渚嗙殑褰遍熆;B绻佹Ξ鑸囧粔鍍圭殑绀︾墿鑳芥簮;C鐗╄唱閫叉鑸囪兘婧愭秷鑰�;D姘ｅ€欒畩鍖栭亷绋嬩腑鐨勫嫊妞嶇墿銆�

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