2015年職稱英語(yǔ)考試知識(shí)解析:句子結(jié)構(gòu)(3)

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      2015年職稱英語(yǔ)考試知識(shí)解析:句子結(jié)構(gòu)(3)

　　(2003年綜合類C級(jí)考題閱讀理解：New Foods and The New World)

　　According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush.

　　4.句子雖然不長(zhǎng)，但有時(shí)附屬結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法功能較難辨別，如：

　　(2002年綜合類B級(jí)考題閱讀判斷：Norwich)

　　Today, in comparison with places like London or Manchester, Norwich is quite small, with

　　介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)

　　a population of around 150,000.

　　介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)

　　(2004年衛(wèi)生類B級(jí)考題閱讀理解：Global Cancer rates to rise by 50% by 2020)

　　Once considered a “western” disease, the report highlights that more than 50 percent of the world’s

　　過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)

　　cancer burden, in terms of both numbers of cases and deaths, already occurs in developing countries. 介詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)

　　(供學(xué)員自己閱讀)讀長(zhǎng)句子時(shí)，建議采用以下的步驟：

　　1. 仔細(xì)閱讀全句，抓住句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu);

　　2. 找出句子中的所有從屬成分，包括從句，短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)等;

　　3. 分析從屬成分的語(yǔ)法功能，判斷它們與句子主干結(jié)構(gòu)之間的相互關(guān)系;注意指示代詞，插入語(yǔ)等成分的辨認(rèn);

　　如：

　　(2002年綜合類A級(jí)閱讀理解：Effects of Environmental Pollution)

　　Perhaps the most commonly experienced aerosol is industrial smog of the

　　主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ)

　　kind that plagued London in the 1950s and is an even greater problem in Los

　　定語(yǔ)從句 并列謂語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ)

　　Angels today.

　　(2003年綜合類A級(jí)閱讀理解：”Salty rice plant boosts harvest”)

　　To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in

　　不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作目的狀語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ)

　　very little salt and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants’ growth.

　　定語(yǔ)從句(賓語(yǔ)從句+ 定語(yǔ)從句)

　　l 英語(yǔ)的基本句型

　?、瘛⒅髡Z(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)(SVP)(S―subject; V―verb; P--predicative)

　　e.g. The flowers are red.

　　主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)(形容詞)

　　e.g. I am a worker.

　　主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)(名詞)

　　e.g. The book is on the table.

　　主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)

　　e.g. The truth is that he is a liar說(shuō)謊的人.

　　主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)

　　e.g. He looks like his father.

　　主語(yǔ) 半系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)

　　e.g. What I want to know is when you will leave for Beijing?

　　主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)

　　e.g. It is important for him to be careful.

　　主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ) 真正主語(yǔ)

　?、颉⒅髡Z(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(不及物動(dòng)詞)(SV)

　　e.g. He has come back. 不及物動(dòng)詞后帶作狀語(yǔ)的副詞

　　主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)

　　e.g. They laughed at him. 不及物動(dòng)詞后帶作狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)

　　主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)

　　laugh at 1. 因…而發(fā)笑 (e.g. laugh at a joke 聽了笑話而發(fā)笑); 2. 嘲笑

　?、?、主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語(yǔ)(SVO)(O--object)

　　e.g. We had some bread and eggs for breakfast . for表示目的， 作為早餐

　　主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ)

　　e.g. I like reading English at home.

　　主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ)

　　e.g. We have leant that you would visit your parents tomorrow.

　　主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)從句